CAP Theorem states that a Distributed Database System can only have 2 out of 3 properties from Availability, Consistency, and Partition Tolerance . This means that every Big Data Engineer needs to do a trade-off between these three based on the use-case and Business requirements. It is very important for any Data engineer to understand the CAP Theorem and apply it when deciding the appropriate tools for the task in the hand. Let's discuss each of the properties in detail. 1. Availability This condition states that every request (read/write) will get a response on Success or Failure. That means every node in the system must return a response in a reasonable amount of time. This could be only possible if the system remains operational all the time. Hence, the databases are time-independent as they should be available all the time. Therefore if any two records are added to the database we don't know which one was added first and the output could be either one of them. Now le...